All Papers

Interpersonal Relationship Marketing: Reciprocity in Buyer-Seller Dyad with Customer Gratitude as Mediator

Research Article

This research examines relationships among customer focal antecedents, seller focal antecedents, customers feeling of gratitude, and norms of reciprocity. The two-fold objectives of this research are; 1. To investigate the role of customer focal and seller focal antecedents in the development of reciprocity; 2.To analyze the mediating role of customers feelings of gratitude in the development of norms of [...]

By Muhammad Ahmad, Mirza Ashfaq Ahmed, Muhammad Anwar ul Haq Volume 14, Issue 2 2020 Keywords: Interpersonal relationship marketing, relationship benefits, relationship investment, gratitude, reciprocity, dyad, interpersonal attraction. Read more

Career Counselling: Medical And Healthcare Students Perspective in Deciding their Career Preferences

Research Article

Counseling of medical and healthcare students on career development is quite a new niche and it is an extensive approach for the preparation of healthcare students for personal, professional, and social accomplishment. The paradigmatic shift in counseling research has occurred globally. Most career development researchers across the world have distinguished decisive transformations in their approaches. In the current study, investigators' [...]

By Huma Ali, S.M.Tariq Rafi, Hina Rehman, Anam Tariq, Farya Zafar, Sadaf Naeem, Amber Nawab Volume 14, Issue 2 2020 Keywords: Career Counselling, Medical Students, Career Preferences Read more

Perceived Compensation Fairness, Job Design, and Employee Motivation: The Mediating Role of Working Environment

Research Article

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By Muhammad Imran Rasheed, Warda Najeeb Jamal, Abdul Hameed Pitafi, Syed Muhammad Javed Iqbal Volume 14, Issue 2 2020 Keywords: Perceived compensation fairness, job designs, working environment, employee's job motivation, public sector commercial banks Read more

Role of Affinity Seeking Behavior Strategies in predicting Organizational Dissent mediated by Empowerment Justice among Teaching Assistants/Research Associates of various Public Sector Universities of Sindh

Research Article

This study has explored the association between affinity seeking behavior strategies and organizational dissent in the presence of a mediating variable empowerment justice. The data has been gathered using the survey method and hypotheses were tested by mediation analysis procedures described by (Baron & Kenny, 1986). Findings suggested that the relationship between the affinity seeking behavior strategies and organizational dissent [...]

By Qamar Abbas, Hassan Jawad Soomro, Ameer Hussain Shar Volume 14, Issue 2 2020 Keywords: Affinity Seeking Behavior Strategies, Organizational Dissent, Empowerment Justice Read more

Impact of Brand Community Participation on Brand Equity Dimension in Luxury Apparel Industry - A Structural Equation Modeling Approach

Research Article

The role of consumers in brand management is increasing day by day due to rapid advancements in technology. Communication-related to the brand has been shifted from one-way (unidirectional) communication (mass marketing) to two-way (bidirectional) communication through social media. Hence, researchers and marketers are putting their utmost efforts to explore and understand the phenomenon. The present study is aimed to measure [...]

By Muhammad Adnan Bashir, Nadia Ayub Ali, Tariq Jalees Volume 14, Issue 2 2020 Keywords: Brand community participation, brand awareness, brand association, perceived quality, brand loyalty Read more

Export Diversification and Competitiveness level of Pakistan in South Asian Region.

Research Article

This paper analyses Pakistan's competitiveness in the light of the World Economic Forum's Global Competitiveness Index, which measures the level of competitiveness of the country. There are 12 pillars and 5 stages of development level on the basis of which every country is ranked for competitiveness level and placed within different five stages of development. This study restricts its analyses [...]

By Aamir Hussain Siddiqui Volume 14, Issue 2 2020 Keywords: Competitiveness; Export Diversification, Global Competitiveness Index, South Asia, Pakistan. Read more

The Impact of Personal and Cultural Factors on Green Buying Intentions with Mediating Roles of Environmental Attitude and Eco-Labels as Well as Gender as a Moderator

Research Article

The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of personality traits of consumers regarding their green buying intention by measuring the mediation effects of eco-labels and environmental attitude along with the moderation of gender. To the researchers' best knowledge, there is a lack of research in developing countries in explaining the influence of rarely researched factors such as [...]

By Amna Hasnain, Syed Hassan Raza, Usama Shahzad Qureshi Volume 14, Issue 1 2020 Keywords: Green buying intention, Consumer personality traits, Eco-labels, Environmental attitude, Structural equation modeling. Read more

Trade Liberalization Effects on Import Demand: The Pakistan Experience Using Bilateral Trade Data

Research Article

The fundamental objective of this study is to estimate for basic trade elasticity and assess the impact of trade liberalization on Pakistan's import demand in the bilateral cases for a sample of selected countries. In the sample, countries are selected from both the developed and developing world on account of their greater share in Pakistan's total imports. The method of [...]

By Saleem Khan, Sher Ali, Muhammad Abdul Kamal Volume 14, Issue 1 2020 Keywords: Import Demand, Trade Liberalization, ARDL and Pakistan Read more

The Moderating effect of Business Network on the Relationship Between Export Market Orientation, Total Quality Management and Company Export Performance: Evidence from Furniture Industry of Pakistan

Research Article

The contribution of the Pakistan furniture industry in exports has declined in the last few years. This situation is alarming for industry and country economic growth and overall performance of the industry. The main objective of study is to investigate the moderating role of the business network (BN) on the relationship among total quality management (TQM), export market orientation (EMO) [...]

By Muhammad Imran, Abdul Raziq, Hassan Mujtaba Nawaz Saleem, Mohid Khaliq Volume 14, Issue 1 2020 Keywords: Business network, total quality management, export market orientation, company export performance, furniture industry. Read more

Ownership Structure and Business Firm Value: A Study of Non-financial Sector of Pakistan

Research Article

The basic purpose of this study is to examine the association of ownership structure (OS) with the value of business firms (VBF). By using panel data techniques, the relationship between OS and VBF has been statistically tested. OS is used as an explanatory variable, whereas, for measuring VBF, accounting base performance measures (short term performance) include return on assets (ROA) [...]

By Muhammad Usman, Hassan Mobeen Alam Volume 14, Issue 1 2020 Keywords: Corporate Governance, Ownership Structure, Value of Business Firms, Firm Age, Non-Financial Sector, Agency Theory, Resource Dependence Theory. Read more

Consumer Buying Attitudes towards Counterfeit and Green Products: Application of Social Comparison Theory and Materialism

Research Article

Counterfeiting and the purchase of counterfeits have been a global issue for years and it seems to be growing, it gives rise to criminality and many other economic problems. It does not only affect the economic environment but the ecological environment as well. Hence, this research aims to find out the factors that make people purchase counterfeits and factors that [...]

By Sania Usmani, Alina Ejaz Volume 14, Issue 1 2020 Keywords: Materialism, Green Consumption, Purchase of Counterfeits Read more

An Empirical Analysis of Behavioral Flexibility, Relationship Integration and Strategic Flexibility in Supply Chain Agility: Insights from SMEs Sector of Pakistan

Research Article

Supply chain agility (SCA) has become an important concept these days and gained a great deal of attention from the research fraternity. Researchers and scholars have mainly examined the dimensions of integration and flexibility as the antecedents of SCA from conceptual lenses in the past and suggested further explanations from empirical testing. Thus, this research aimed to investigate three key [...]

By Mirza A. Haq, Irfan Hameed, Abdul Raheem Volume 14, Issue 1 2020 Keywords: Supply chain agility, integration, flexibility, moderated mediation SEM, Small & medium enterprises. Read more

Effect of Teamwork on Employee Performance in High-Tech Engineering SMEs of Pakistan: A Moderating Role of Supervisor Support

Research Article

Measuring employee performance of high-tech engineering small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) of a developing country is meager in the literature of organizational studies. Therefore, this paper analyzes a) the effect of teamwork on employee performance; and b) how supervisor support moderates the relationship between teamwork and employee performance. Using a cross-sectional survey in a non-contrived field-study setting, a useable sample [...]

By Muhammad Shahnawaz Adil,Kamal Bin Ab Hamid Volume 14, Issue 1 2020 Keywords: Teamwork; employee performance; supervisor support; SMEs; Pakistan. Read more

Online Education & MOOCs: Teacher Self-Disclosure in Online Education and a Mediating Role of Social Presence

Research Article

In online education, students have been observed to face a few barriers in the overall learning and experience such as the absence of physical presence of the instructor, lack of instructor-student relationship, lack of student satisfaction and perceived learning. This research was conducted to study a few key variables in online education that may or may not have their effect [...]

By Komal Akram Khan, S. M. Tariq Rafi Volume 14, Issue 1 2020 Keywords: Teacher self-disclosure; social presence; social-penetration; MOOCs, Smart PLS Pakistan. Read more

The Effects of Supervisor Organizational Embodiment and Organizational Identification on the LMX-Creativity Relationship

Research Article

At the intersection between psychology and human resources management, this study is conducted to attain two objectives. First, it aims at investigating the indirect relationship of leader-member exchange (LMX) relationships and creativity via organizational identification. Second, differences in LMX-creativity relationship via organizational identification are explored from a trajectory that highlights the moderating role of supervisor organizational embodiment. This study adopts [...]

By Sajjad Husain, Khurram Shahzad Volume 13, Issue 2 2019 Keywords: LMX, Creativity, Organizational Identification, Supervisor’s Organizational Embodiment Read more

Why firms fail to Sustain? Evidence from Dow Jones Index Abstract

Case Study

This study, focusing on the longevity of large business organisations as a period of uninterrupted satisfactory financial market performance, has examined companies failing to demonstrate longevity, such as by being removed from the Dow Jones Industrial Average index. The present research has performed group- and case-level longitudinal analyses of financial performance indicators. Afterwards, the qualitative longitudinal analyses were conducted based [...]

By Malik Muhammad Sheheryar Khan, Muhammad Muzammil Ghayas, Sadaf Kashif Volume 13, Issue 2 2019 Keywords: Financial performance, managerial performance, Qualitative longitudinal Analyses, Dow Jones index. Read more

The Effect of Traditional Media Communication and Social Media Communication in Generating Consumer Based Brand Equity in Context of Pakistan

Research Article

The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of traditional media communication and social media communication in generating the consumer based brand equity. This study provides an important theoretical contribution by introducing prosumers and lead users as for user generated content in the conceptual model. The study has used conventional advertising for measuring traditional media communication whereas, firm [...]

By Muhammad Ali, Khalid M. Iraqi, Lubna Khan,Faiza Salam Volume 13, Issue 2 2019 Keywords: Management support, work discretion, entrepreneurial education, previous entrepreneurial experience, time availability, entrepreneurship passion for inventing. Read more

Analyzing the Spillover Effects from Parental Markets to Cross-listed IPOs on Mean returns and Price Volatility

Research Article

The phenomenon of synchronization of financial market dynamics and the transmission of price variability among markets has been analyzed using the mean returns and the volatility spillover between markets. However, an unanswered question is how those market dynamics are transmitted from parental markets to cross-listed IPOs. This paper addresses that question. In this study, we selected 74 cross-listed firms registered [...]

By Abdul Wahid, Muhammad Zubair Mumtaz, Edmund H. Mantell Volume 13, Issue 2 2019 Keywords: Mean and volatility spillover, AIM, cross-listed firms, Markov switching model, GARCH Read more

A Study on the Drivers of Employee Engagement and its Relationship with Employee Performance

Research Article

The statement claiming that the raised employees' engagement level will eventually help increase the employees' well-being and work performance has not previously vastly tested, specifically within faculty members of higher educational institutions (HEIs). The scarcity of noteworthy studies on the antecedents and outcomes of employee engagement is addressed while a complete, holistic and comprehensive model is presented in the paper [...]

By Syeda Nazneen Waseem, Kashif Mehmood Volume 13, Issue 2 2019 Keywords: Employee engagement, job resources, employee performance, higher educational institutions (HEIs). Read more

FDI & New Business Startups: Does Financial Development Matter?

Research Article

The present paper intends to investigate the relationship of foreign direct investment and new business startups in the presence of financial development in EAGLE countries, an annual unbalanced data during the period from 2006 to 2016 is used. We apply system GMM approach to estimate the models. Findings suggest that foreign direct inflows boost new business start-ups in emerging countries. [...]

By Imtiaz Arif, Lubna Khan Volume 13, Issue 1 2019 Keywords: FDI, new business startups, financial development, System GMM, EAGLE. Read more